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| List of New Jersey county name etymologies ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
List of counties in New Jersey
There are 21 counties in the U.S. state of New Jersey. These counties together contain 565 municipalities, or administrative entities composed of clearly defined territory; 250 boroughs, 52 cities, 15 towns, 244 townships, and 4 villages.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=New Jersey – Place and County Subdivision )〕 In New Jersey, a county is a local level of government between the state and municipalities. County government in New Jersey includes a Board of Chosen Freeholders, sheriff, clerk, and surrogate (responsible for uncontested and routine probate),〔Coppa, ''County government'', p. (165 )〕 all of which are elected officials. Counties organized under the Optional County Charter Law may also have an elected county executive.〔Coppa, ''County government'', p. (108 )〕 Counties traditionally perform state-mandated duties such as the maintenance of jails, parks, and certain roads.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=An Overview of County Government )〕 The site of a county's administration and courts is called the county seat.
==History==
New Jersey was governed by two groups of proprietors as two distinct provinces, East Jersey and West Jersey, between 1674 and 1702. New Jersey's first counties were created as administrative districts within each province, with East Jersey split in 1675 into Bergen, Essex, Middlesex and Monmouth counties, while West Jersey's initial counties of Burlington and Salem date to 1681. The most recent county created in New Jersey is Union County, created in 1857 and named after the union of the United States when the Civil War was imminent. New Jersey's county names derive from several sources, though most of its counties are named after place names in England and prominent leaders in the colonial and revolutionary periods. Bergen County is the most populous county—as of the 2010 Census—with 905,116 people, while Salem County is the least populous with 66,083 people.
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